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It depends on the how much the flash has been used (P/E cycle used), type of flash, and storage temperature. In MLC and SLC, this can be as low as 3 months and best case can be more than 10 years. The retention is highly dependent on temperature and workload.
| NAND technology | Data Retention @ rated P/E cycle |
|---|---|
| SLC (single-level cell) | 6 months |
| eMLC (enterprise multi-level cell) | 3 months |
| MLC (multi-level cell) | 3 months |
[source: http://www.dell.com/downloads/global/products/pvaul/en/solid-state-drive-faq-us.pdf ]
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It is old information and it may be updated but according to the JEDEC who sets the standards it could be from three months to one year. The reasone are based on the usage of the drive while powered on believe it or not. I know that I was surprised with that. There are different life spans for data retention based on enterprise usage and consumer.